THREE CAME HOME

http://movies.netflix.com/WiMovie/Three_Came_Home/70010492?trkid=496624 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agnes_Newton_Keith Sessue Hayakawa gives a fine performance as a Japanese officer overseeing a prison camp in WWII. The doubt and strain of his situation are well worked out in well-written scenes between himself and the star Claudette Colbert, who is a model of screen acting at its best. Inherently game, like so many actresses of her era - Paulette Goddard, Rosalind Russell, Carol Lombard, for instance - she gives all her scenes full value. We never feel cheated by this actress. The story is convincing, as are the settings and the tensions. The ending is a relief of a difficult and gripping situation. The title gives it away, but never mind. It's exciting nonetheless Very well done. The scene I thought most moving was when the camp commandant (Hayakawa) took off with the three children, soon after learning that his own three children had died at Hiroshima. I was almost sure of what would happen, but not positive, and yes I was holding my breath for a moment there. That scene was laid out very well, and not overplayed. Hayakawa plays a similar but not identical character to the same role he played in Bridge Over the River Kwai. I can't review this as a movie as if it weren't real. American liberals like to loath FDR's policy of interning Japanese citizens but there was nothing more cruel then what the Japanese did to civilians during WW 2. My Great Grand Father was a business man living in Singapore when he was interned by the Japanese in 1941. When he was finally able to discuss what he and my Great Grand mother ( who died in captivity ) went through, I lost all sympathy for those who suffered as a result of " the bomb. " I realize that most of the victims of the atomic bombs were civilians, but so too were my Great Grand parents and the Japanese enslaved and tortured them not for just a moment, but for years. Thankfully, their son survived to keep our family alive. I just recently watched this film and its story directly coincides with what my Great Grand Father described. It's very difficult for me not to hate them. ¿Three Came Home¿ is a moving film about the indomitable nature of the human spirit. American author Agnes Newton Keith (Claudette Colbert) lived on the island of Borneo at the beginning of World War II. As the Japanese neared the island, she refused to be evacuated along with other wives, preferring to stay with her husband. When the Japanese invaded, the men and women were sent to separate concentration camps. Keith, along with her young son, endured several years of imprisonment, hunger, degradation and violence, yet emerged with her spirit unbroken. Colbert gives a powerful performance as does Sessue Hayakawa, playing a cultured, sympathetic Japanese officer. The other performers, especially the actresses playing Keith¿s fellow prisoners, are also fine. The writing is intelligent, the direction is crisp, making this adaptation of Keith¿s memoir an outstanding film experience. i thought this was an excellent movie. why they called it ... three went home ... i dont know. it could b that its because in her family 3 survived, but im not sure. the reason i bring this out is because almost everyone who was imprisoned that she knew really did go home, which was not the case for other pacific area pow's. that isnt to say they were treated nicely, im just saying it as a comparison. you cant compare thier roomy and comfortable barracks to the pigion holes of the camps in Poland, or even of others in the pacific. This has to be a reflection on the cornel (bad spelling ker-nel) who was in charge for most of the time that they were imprisoned. i really felt badly for him when he told agnes that his children had died. i believe he was a man who loved his country, family, and did his job as best as he could. there are verbal references to beatings, and fear of the soldiers, but very little of it is shown on the screen. i agree with the other review that this is a safe movie to show to kids because there is very little tourcher and few exicutions shown, but the point gets through about how bad the situation was. it gives you a somewhat safe way to help kids understand war, and what it means to be a prisoner of war. then u can talk to them about what they have seen. My mother (1912), who just died two years ago at 97, never went to the movies in the time I knew her. She was a widow by 1954 and simply had to work long hours to pay the bills. She did go the the movies a lot before though, as a single woman in the 1930s and probably during WWII, when My father was away for three years. She would mention Greer Garson, Bette Davis, Joan Crawford--and Claudette Colbert. This movie sinks or swims around Colbert, as it is really about what happened to her character. The movie swims! By the way I just finished the film, and for the life of me I do not recall a daring escape (from the blurb above). She remained in the camp until September 1945, when the Aussies finally came to the POW camps. If she had tried the "escape", she would have been shot for sure. There is also no mention of this "escape" in her Wikipedia bio. She does get in trouble when she reports a guard who tried to rape her. Three Came Home 1950NR104 minutes Claudette Colbert stars as American writer Agnes Newton Keith in this tensely dramatic true story of survival in the Pacific theater of operations during the dark days of World War II. Separated from her British husband, Agnes, along with her young child, finds herself thrown into a Japanese concentration camp for the duration and attempts a daring escape. Costars Patric Knowles and Sessue Hayakawa. Jean Negulesco directs. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agnes_Newton_Keith Agnes Newton Keith From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to: navigation, search Portrait of Agnes Newton KeithAgnes Jones Goodwillie Newton Keith (July 4, 1901 – March 30, 1982) was an American author best known for her three autobiographical accounts of life in North Borneo (now Sabah) before, during, and after the Second World War. The second of these, Three Came Home, tells of her time in Japanese POW and civilian internee camps in North Borneo and Sarawak, and was made into a film of the same name in 1950. She published seven books in all. Contents [hide] 1 Early life Early lifeAgnes Newton Keith was born Agnes Newton in Oak Park, Illinois. Her family moved to Hollywood, California when she was very young. Her father was one of the founders of the Del Monte Company. The family moved again when Agnes was ten, this time to the nearby beach community of Venice, California, for her brother Al's health.[1] She attended the University of California, Berkeley for four years, and upon graduating got a job with the San Francisco Examiner.[2] Eight months after starting her journalism career, she was attacked by an assailant who was convinced that the newspaper was persecuting him by printing Krazy Kat cartoons. She received serious head injuries which affected her memory. She also became seriously depressed, and after two years of illness her father sent her and her brother Al to Europe to recuperate. Returning refreshed to the States, Agnes decided to become a writer, but soon afterwards lost her eyesight for two years as a delayed result of her injuries. During this period she studied dancing, modelled clothes and 'did bits in the movies'.[3] In 1934 she married Henry G. Keith, known as Harry. Keith, an Englishman, had been a friend of Al's when both boys had been at the same school in San Diego, and Agnes had first met him when she was eight years old. Keith had gone on to work for the Government of North Borneo, and Agnes had not seen him in ten years when he visited California while on leave in 1934. However, as soon as they re-met they decided to get married, and were wed three days later. Three months after their marriage, following an operation to cure Agnes's eyesight, they sailed for Borneo 2 Life in Borneo Life in BorneoHarry was Conservator of Forests and Director of Agriculture for the government of North Borneo under the Chartered Company, and was also Honorary Curator of the Sandakan (State) Museum. He had worked in Borneo since 1925, and was based in Sandakan.[5] Agnes spent an idyllic five years at Sandakan, sometimes accompanying her husband on trips into the interior of the country. Harry persuaded her to write about her experiences and enter it in the 1939 Atlantic Monthly Non-fiction Prize contest. The judges voted unanimously for her entry to win, and it was partly serialized in the magazine before being published in November of that year as Land Below the Wind. The book received favorable reviews: The Scotsman described it as "A delightful book ... It has abundant humour and a pervading charm ... An original and engaging description of a country and people of extraordinary interest."[6] The Keiths were on leave in Canada when war was declared on 3 September 1939. Harry was immediately ordered back to Borneo. Agnes's first child, Henry George Newton Keith, known as George, was born in Sandakan on 5 April 1940.[7] Agnes Newton Keith (left) speaking with Major T. T. Johnson, 2/6 Field Park Company (centre) and Brigadier T. C. Eastick (right), Commander of the Kuching Force of the Australian 9th Division, shortly after the Australians liberated the camp at Batu Lintang, Kuching on 11 September 1945.The Japanese invading forces landed in Sandakan on 19 January 1942. For the first few months of occupation, the Keiths were allowed to stay in their own home. On 12 May Agnes and George were imprisoned on Berhala Island (Pulau Berhala) near Sandakan, in a building that had once been the Government Quarantine Station, along with other Western women and children. Harry was imprisoned nearby.[8] They spent eight months there before Agnes and George were sent to Kuching in Sarawak. They left by a small steamer on 12 January 1943 and arrived on January 20.[9] They were imprisoned in Batu Lintang camp near Kuching, unusual in that it accommodated both prisoners of war and civilian internees in between eight and ten separate compounds.[10] Harry later arrived at the camp.[11] The camp was finally liberated on 11 September 1945 by the 9th Australian Army Division under the command of Brigadier T. C. Eastick.[12] All three members of the Keith family had survived their internment. Although punishable by death if discovered, many inmates of the camp, both civilian and POW, kept diaries and notes about their imprisonment.[10][13] One of Agnes's fellow female internees, Hilda E. Bates, described Agnes in her diary entry dated 21 September 1944: "Among my companions in camp are some outstanding personalities, and the following [is one] of these. Mrs A.K. - a noted American novelist, who proposes to [write] a book on our life here. She is much sought after by the Japanese Camp Commandant, as he has read one of her previous books about Borneo. He evidently holds the opinion that a cup of [coffee] given in his office, and a packet of biscuits as a gift for her small son, will ensure him appearing as a hero in said book! "Mrs A.K. has an unusual appearance, being six feet in height, very thin, and with the stealthy lops of a Red Indian. She dresses in a startling and very flamboyant fashion, in very bright colours, while her hair is worn in two plaits, one over each shoulder, thus adding to a slightly Indian aura!".[10] Mary Baldwin, a 70-year old fellow-internee, did not get on well with Keith, suspecting that she was "too ready to be polite and co-operative with the Japanese guards and their officers in return for favours - notably food and medicine for her infant son."[14] Co-operation with their captors was very much frowned on by the prisoners, although understandable in this case, given Keith's no doubt powerful desire to provide for her son. Book cover of Three Came Home (NB Does not show the Keiths)After their liberation and a short period on Labuan Island for rest and recuperation, the Keiths returned to Victoria, British Columbia, where Harry had had a small country house since his bachelor days. In February 1946 he was asked to return to Borneo by the new Colonial Administration which had taken over from the Chartered Company. He was to be in charge of food production. He agreed to go, and so he and his family were split yet again. Agnes and George remained in Victoria, and Agnes worked on her second book, an autobiographical account of her imprisonment: on her release Agnes had gathered up her notes and diary entries from their various hiding places,[15] and she used them as the basis for her book, Three Came Home, which was published in April 1947. It detailed the hardships and deprivations which the internees and POWs had undergone under the Japanese, and became a bestseller. In 1950, it was turned into a motion picture, with Claudette Colbert playing the role of Agnes. Agnes and George finally returned to Sandakan in 1947, a full year after Harry.[16] Borneo was a much-changed place, having suffered doubly, first under the Japanese occupation and then from the ferocious Allied attacks as the liberation of the island took place. In 1951 the third book in Agnes's Borneo trilogy was published, entitled White Man Returns. This chronicled the time from Agnes's and George's return to Borneo up through December 1950.[17] The Keiths remained in Sandakan until 1952. Agnes and Harry had one other child a daughter, Jean Allison Keith, born on August 30, 1937, in Sandakan. [18] She is mentioned, though not by name, in Keith's first book, "Land Below the Wind", on page 174 of the first edition: "A picture stood on the table by us of our little girl at home in her party dress." On page 171, while discussing small-boy Usit with Harry, she says "I'm afraid I'm too lazy to take on the job of being a parent again." Copies of White Man Returns are dedicated "To my children George and Jean". It has been stated that Jean will be invited to the celebrations for the reissue of Land Below the Wind in Sabah on 6 July 2007.[19] 2.1 Newlands Newlands Newlands, the postwar home of the Keiths in Sandakan. Photo taken in Dec 2007.On arriving in Sandakan in 1934, Agnes moved into Harry's bachelor bungalow, but the couple soon relocated to a government building on a hilltop. They lived there until they were interned in 1942. After the war the Keiths returned to Sandakan to find the house destroyed. They built a new house in 1946-47 on the original footprint and in a similar style to the original. They named this house Newlands and lived there until they left Sabah in 1952. After nearly 50 years of gradual deterioration, first under tenants and then as an empty shell, the house was restored by Sabah Museum in collaboration with the Federal Department of Museums and Antiquities in 2001. The house is a rare survival of post-war colonial wooden architecture. It was opened to the public in 2004 and is a popular tourist attraction. It contains displays on Agnes and Harry Keith as well as information about colonial life in Sandakan in the first half of the twentieth century, and is commonly referred to as the Agnes Keith House.[ 3 Philippines, Libya and later years Philippines, Libya and later yearsIn 1953 Harry joined the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) of the United Nations, and was posted to the Philippines, based in Manila. Agnes wrote Bare Feet in the Palace about post-war life in the Philippines, culminating in the 1953 election. It was published in 1955. Harry then became FAO Representative in Libya, and served six years as forestry adviser in the country. He retired in 1964.[21] True to form, Agnes wrote about her experiences in the country, publishing Children of Allah, between the Sea and the Sahara in 1966. In 1959 Agnes was named an Alpha Gamma Delta Distinguished Citizen.[22] The Keiths retired to British Columbia, where Agnes continued writing. Her first novel, Beloved Exiles, was published in 1972. It was set in North Borneo in the period between 1936 and 1951. Her last book, Before the Blossoms Fall: Life and Death in Japan, was published in 1975. Agnes Newton Keith died at age 80 in Oak Bay, British Columbia. Harry died the same year. 4 The Keiths' libraryThe Keiths' libraryBoth Agnes and Harry Keith were ardent bibliophiles. Following their deaths, their collection of books and documents on Borneo and South East Asia was auctioned in 2002. The collection numbered over 1,000 volumes, and had been gathered over many years. Agnes wrote of the collection, which they were forced to abandon to the occupying Japanese forces, in Three Came Home: "Harry's library of Borneo books, perhaps the most complete in existence, his one self-indulgence...".[23] The auction press release commented that "Many of these items are not listed in any institutional holdings, including the British Library, and may well be the only surviving extant copies".[24] 5 Legacy edit] LegacyThe title of Agnes's first book about the then-North Borneo, Land Below the Wind, has become the unofficial motto of Sabah. The phrase was used by sailors to describe all the lands south of the typhoon belt, but Agnes popularised the special connection of the phrase with Sabah, by applying it exclusively to North Borneo in her book.[25] As well as inspiring the film of the same name, Three Came Home has been cited as one of the sources for cinematic and television depictions of women in Japanese camps during World War II. Paradise Road and Tenko both contain scenes based on episodes in the book. 6 Works by Agnes Newton Keith Works by Agnes Newton KeithLand Below the Wind Boston, Mass, Little Brown and Company (1939, November) Three Came Home Boston, Mass, Little Brown and Company (1947, April) White Man Returns Boston, Mass, Little Brown and Company (1951) Bare Feet in the Palace Boston, Mass, Little Brown and Company (1955) Children of Allah, between the Sea and the Sahara Boston, Mass, Little Brown and Company (1966) Beloved Exiles Boston, Mass, Little Brown and Company (1972) Before the Blossoms Fall: Life and Death in Japan Boston, Mass, Atlantic Monthly-Little, Brown and Company (1975) Agnes Newton Keith also had articles published in The Atlantic Monthly. 7 Further reading Further readingMoo-Tan, Stella (2002) "A Portrait of Agnes Newton Keith: Noted Author, Survivor, Heroine" Sabah Society Journal 19 Ooi, Keat Gin (1998) Japanese Empire in the Tropics: Selected Documents and Reports of the Japanese Period in Sarawak, Northwest Borneo, 1941-1945 Ohio University Center for International Studies, Monographs in International Studies, SE Asia Series 101 8 Citations 9 External links

__________________________________________________________________________________ http://www.e-borneo.com/insideborneo/leisure0206.shtmlAgnes Newton Keith was an ambitious young reporter for the San Francisco Examiner in 1932 when she was beaten by a mugger outside their offices and suffered severe memory loss for several years. During her recovery in Los Angeles she became re-acquainted with a friend of her brother’s, Harry G. Keith, an urbane British foreign officer stationed in North Borneo as Conservator of Forests and Director of Agriculture. They were married the day before he had to return by ship to North Borneo and there she began a new life in the South Pacific. The profound tranquility of Sandakan before the War inspired her to write a book about her experiences and enter it in the 1939 Atlantic Monthly Non-Fiction Prize Contest. That book was entitled Land Below the Wind, an old seafarer’s term for the South Pacific islands that fall below the traditional typhoon routes, and won the contest by unanimous vote. The biography went on to become a bestseller and the title is employed to this day as the unofficial motto for the state of Sabah, Malaysia, the successor of North Borneo. The Japanese Army ended their idyllic seclusion in 1942 when they invaded North Borneo and sent the Keith family off to a POW compound for just over three years. Although keeping notes was a capital offence, Agnes wrote a diary on the backs of labels and in the margins of newspapers, which she buried in tins or sewed inside her son’s home-made toys. After the war Agnes Keith wrote her second book, Three Came Home, another bestseller which went on to become a successful film starring Claudert Colbert in 1950. Their former house in Sandakan is now a museum and is one of the leading attractions in Sabah, Malaysia. The Keiths were also passionate bibliophiles and collected an extensive array of books and documents relating to Borneo and Southeast Asia. Many of the items in their 1000+ volume library are unique presentation copies or the sole surviving examples of early monographs on the region. Without a doubt, this collection constitutes the most important collection of rare books and manuscripts relating to Borneo ever to have come up for auction. Highlights from the collection include: -Five early tracts by Sir James Brooke, the first Rajah of Sarawak, several presentation copies inscribed by the author to Walter Read, one of the founders of the British North Borneo Company. Bound together in one volume, these scarce monographs include "A Letter from Borneo" (1842) and "A Vindication of the Character and Proceedings…" (1853). The Keith collection also includes many signed and presentation copies of works by Charles and Anthony Brooke, Lady Raffles and John Leyden, among others. -"Statement and Application Addressed to the Marquess of Salisbury. G. G., Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, &c., &c., &c., by the Undersigned on Behalf of Themselves and Their Associates. North Borneo." W. Greaves & Co., London, [1878]. The original charter application for the British North Borneo Company, privately printed for the founders, Alfred Dent and Baron von Overbeck. The charter was eventually granted on Nov. 1 1881, and the British North Borneo Chartered Company became the entity whichconstituted the State of North Borneo. This original charter application is arguably the founding document of British North Borneo and the modern state of Sabah, Malaysia. -A number of rare early monographs by BNBC officials, including Cowie, Treacher, Pryer, Donop and others, and the first works printed in Sandakan from the press of W. Rozario. Many of these items are not listed in any institutional holdings, including the British Library, and may well be the only surviving extant copies. -A volume of autograph letters by Capt. Francis Xavier Witti (1881-82) written during his ill-fated mission through the heart of Borneo that led to his infamous demise at the hands of head-hunters, including the final letter before his death. -A unique copy of the "Proclamation" of the Commander of the Japanese Forces upon their invasion of Sandakan issued on January 19 1942, as well as the sole surviving example of Khabar Perang (later Sandakan Nippo), the propaganda newspaper of the Japanese occupying forces in Sandakan, complete in 265 individual issues. -A number of rare, privately printed accounts of prisoner of war camps in Borneo and Malaysia, including scarce works by Archer, Simpson and others. Several scarce collections of early scholarly journals, including Moor’s Notices of the Indian Archipelago (1837) and Logan’s Journal of the Indian Archipelago and Eastern Asia (1847-1853). -Many important early explorations of the region, including works by Jacob Jansz de Roy, Beeckman, Sonnerat, Thomas Forrest, and James Rennell’s personal copy of Dalyrymple’s Historical Collection of the Several Voyages and Discoveries in the South Pacific Ocean. -An extensive library of over 100 19th century accounts by European travellers, including seminal works by Bock, Belcher, Crawfurd, Dienaar, Keppel, Mundy and Schwaner. -Many important works of natural history and illustration relating to the early exploration of Borneo, including a presentation copy of Beccari’s Nelle Foreste di Borneo (1902), Bethune’s Views of the Eastern Archipelago, John Whitehead’s magnificent folio volume on Mount Kinabalu, and important works by Temminck, Marryat, and Molengraaff. The fine selection of rare books also includes rare travel literature, botanicals, Americana and fine bindings and will be previewed for potential bidders in Los Angeles June 14-16 and in San Francisco June 21-23. Butterfields’ illustrated auction catalog can be viewed online at http://www.butterfields.com. Online real-time bidding during the 194-lot auction will be powered by eBay’s Live Auctions capability __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_Came_Home

Three Came Home From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to: navigation, search Three Came Home Original poster Directed by Jean Negulesco Produced by Nunnally Johnson Written by Nunnally Johnson (Agnes Newton Keith, autobiography) Starring Claudette Colbert Patric Knowles Florence Desmond Sessue Hayakawa Music by Hugo Friedhofer Cinematography William H. Daniels Milton R. Krasner Editing by Dorothy Spencer Distributed by Twentieth Century-Fox Release date(s) 20 February 1950 Running time 106 min. Country United States Language English Three Came Home (1950) is a post-war film made by Twentieth Century-Fox, based on the memoirs of the same name by writer Agnes Newton Keith. It depicts Keith's life in North Borneo in the period immediately before the Japanese invasion in 1942, and her subsequent internment and suffering, separated from her husband Harry, and with a young son to care for. Keith was initially interned at Berhala Island near Sandakan, North Borneo (today's Sabah) but spent most of her captivity at Batu Lintang camp at Kuching, Sarawak. The camp was liberated in September, 1945. Adapted and produced by Nunnally Johnson, directed by Jean Negulesco, the film starred Claudette Colbert in the lead role. The New York Times reviewer said, "It will shock you, disturb you, tear your heart out. But it will fill you fully with a great respect for a heroic soul." The film is now in the public domain and so is available to watch in its entirety online at no charge.[1][2][3][4][5] Plot outlineAmerican-born Agnes Keith (Colbert) and her British husband (Patric Knowles) live a cushioned colonial life in North Borneo with their young son in 1942. After the Japanese invasion, they are interned and then taken to separate prison camps, one for men, the other for women and children. Amid the brutality of the internment camp, the camp commander Lieutenant-Colonel Suga (Sessue Hayakawa) is respectful to Mrs Keith because he is familiar with her work, and is shown to be kind to the children even when his own family has died in Hiroshima. [edit] CastClaudette Colbert ... Agnes Newton Keith Patric Knowles ... Harry Keith Florence Desmond ... Betty Sommers Sessue Hayakawa ... Colonel Suga Sylvia Andrew ... Henrietta Mark Keuning ... George Keith Phyllis Morris ... Sister Rose Howard Chuman ... Lieutenant Nekata Douglas Walton ... Australian POW Critical receptionIn August 1976, Leslie Halliwell described the film as "[w]ell-made, harrowing", assigning it ** (2 stars out of 4), a rarely-granted high rating.[7] [edit] See alsoList of films in the public domain [edit] References 1.http://www.archive.org/details/ThreeCameHomeClaudetteColbertHankrip 2.^ http://www.profilms.com/publicdomain/index.htm 3.^ http://www.desertislandfilms.com/titles.html 4.^ http://www.buyoutfootage.com/pages/titles/blacktype/pd_featurefilms/pd_films_t.html 5.^ http://www.panamvideo.com/pg2.html 6.^ http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title.jsp?stid=93059&category=Notes 7.^ Leslie Halliwell. Halliwell's Film Guide to 8,000 English Language Films, Hart-Davis, MacGibbon, 1977; Granada, 1979. Halliwell's Film Guide, 11th ed, 1995. [edit] External links Three Came Home at the Internet Movie Database Three Came Home is available for free download at the Internet Archive [more] Three Came Home at AllRovi Variety review (extract from Variety's contemporary review of the film) Time Contemporary review of the book Agnes Newton Keith (1946, Reprint 2008) Three Came Home Films directed by Jean Negulesco 1940s Singapore Woman (1941) ·The Mask of Dimitrios (1944) ·The Conspirators (1944) ·Three Strangers (1946) ·Nobody Lives Forever (1946) ·Humoresque (1946) ·Deep Valley (1947) ·Johnny Belinda (1948) ·Road House (1948) ·Britannia Mews (1949) 1950s Three Came Home (1950) ·Under My Skin (1950) ·The Mudlark (1950) ·Take Care of My Little Girl (1951) ·Phone Call from a Stranger (1952) ·Lydia Bailey (1952) ·Lure of the Wilderness (1952) ·Titanic (1953) ·Scandal at Scourie (1953) ·How to Marry a Millionaire (1953) ·Three Coins in the Fountain (1954) ·Woman's World (1954) ·Daddy Long Legs (1955) ·The Rains of Ranchipur (1955) ·The Dark Wave (1956) ·Boy on a Dolphin (1957) ·The Gift of Love (1958) ·A Certain Smile (1958) ·Count Your Blessings (1959) ·The Best of Everything (1959) 1960s Jessica (1962) ·The Pleasure Seekers (1964) 1970s The Invincible Six (1970) ·Hello-Goodbye (1970) Cast:Claudette Colbert, Patric Knowles, Florence Desmond, Sessue Hayakawa, Sylvia Andrew, Mark Keuning, Phyllis Morris, Howard Chuman, Alex Frazer, Sung LiDirector:Jean NegulescoGenres:Dramas, Dramas based on real life, Military DramasThis movie is:Emotional, GrittyAvailability:Streaming until 4/27/12

A CHRISTIAN VIEW

A CHRISTIAN VIEW
Apostasy seems synonymous with sinning against the Holy Spirit and can happen in any epoch. I delight in the scriptural references alluded to for they indicate the stopping of spiritual endurance.

Revelation 3:1-4 "To the angel of the church of Sardis write.....But you have a few people in Sardis who have not soiled their garments; and they will walk with Me in white, for they are worthy. He who overcomes will thus be clothed in white garments; and I will not erase his name from the book of life, and I will confess his name before My Father and before His angels


1 Timothy 4:1-3 But the Spirit explicitly says that in later times some will fall away from the faith, paying attention to deceitful spirits and doctrines of demons, 2 by means of the hypocrisy of liars seared in their own conscience as with a branding iron, 3 men who forbid marriage and advocate abstaining from foods which God has created to be gratefully shared in by those who believe and know the truth.

Going beyond te written word is like branding burdens into our brother's flesh.
Soiling garments here connotes a sense of finality, and the erasure alludes to such as Judas,son of perdition. Erasure from the book of Life.Is it consistent with complete redemption of all the created worlds and annihilation of the wicked, is this a consistency also?

Trumbo he relished the duel

http://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/11/movies/11trumbo.html?_r=2&oref=slogin. Peter Askin, director, and Christopher Trumbo, writer of the film "Trumbo" at the Toronto International Film Festival. Twitter Linkedin Sign In to E-Mail or Save This Print Share Close DiggRedditTumblrPermalink By MICHAEL CIEPLY Published: September 11, 2007 LOS ANGELES, Sept. 10 — Sixty years after a Congressional panel grilled 10 uncooperative writers, directors and producers about their supposed Communist connections, Hollywood still quarrels over the heroes and villains of its Red Scare. The propriety of giving Elia Kazan — one who “named names” — an honorary Oscar in 1999 remains a contentious subject. And only five years ago Stanley Kramer’s widow bitterly battled the makers of a television documentary that depicted her late husband using the blacklist to deny his former partner Carl Foreman a producer’s credit on “High Noon.” But on Monday night in Toronto, one of the era’s acknowledged heroes, the jailed and blacklisted Dalton Trumbo, was expected to deliver some posthumous words that might finally put to rest the hunt for good guys and bad. The admonition occurs in the first few minutes of “Trumbo,” a documentary directed by Peter Askin and written by Trumbo’s son, Christopher Trumbo. The film is making its debut as part of the Toronto International Film Festival’s Real to Reel series. In a speech actually delivered in 1970, now re-enacted by the actor David Strathairn, Trumbo said, “There was bad faith and good, honesty and dishonesty, courage and cowardice, selflessness and opportunism, wisdom and stupidity, good and bad on both sides; and almost every individual involved, no matter where he stood, combined some or all of these antithetical qualities in his own person, in his own acts.” The same talk was embedded in a 2003 play, also called “Trumbo,” in which Mr. Askin and Mr. Trumbo had Ed Harris, Nathan Lane, Chris Cooper, Tim Robbins and other actors taking turns during the run playing the lead role, which mostly involved reading from Dalton Trumbo’s remarkably stage-ready personal letters. Having moved those words to the beginning of their documentary — which includes interviews and clips, along with readings by Mr. Strathairn and Mr. Lane, as well as others like Michael Douglas, Joan Allen, Liam Neeson and Paul Giamatti — the director and writer, in effect, declare peace, and clear the way for a look at a beleaguered human being in all of his messy contradictions. (Produced by Safehouse Pictures and Filbert Step Productions, the film isn’t yet set for commercial distribution.) “Things are still hotter than they ever needed to be,” Christopher Trumbo said of Hollywood’s obsession with the blacklist. “As human beings, we tend to personalize things,” Mr. Trumbo noted, speaking by phone on Saturday from his Ojai, Calif., home. “It becomes Hitler rather than Fascism.” Dalton Trumbo, of course, personalized plenty at the time. One of 10 who were jailed for contempt for refusing to answer questions before the House Un-American Activities Committee in 1947, he and hundreds of others were barred from working openly for Hollywood for more than a decade. During years when he lost his beloved ranch in the Southern California mountains, lived in Mexican exile and worked under assumed names, he wrote letters of deep gratitude to those who supported him, like the producer Sam Zimbalist (“Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo”), and freely excoriated those who did not. Among his detractors, those who contributed to his fiscal crunch came in for the roughest drubbings. In one 1948 letter — read on screen by Mr. Giamatti — Trumbo, the impoverished screenwriter of “A Bill of Divorcement” and “A Guy Named Joe,” told an official at the local phone company: “When we Reds come into power, we are going to shoot merchants in the following order: (1) those who are greedy, and (2) those who are witty. Since you fall into both categories, it will be a sad story when we finally lay hands on you.” But over the long haul, his son said, Trumbo settled on the view that an evil committee had simply exposed the weakness of many around him.
Both Mr. Askin and Christopher Trumbo are now distant enough from those events to marvel at traits for which Dalton Trumbo most likely would have been remembered, even if his joining the Communist Party in 1943 and subsequent refusal to testify about it had never become an issue. Most striking, for Mr. Askin, was his subject’s urge to memorialize his thoughts in hundreds of private letters that were written and rewritten to professional polish, most in a style that invites precisely the sort of declamation they have been receiving from some of Hollywood’s most skilled actors. (Some were collected in “Additional Dialogue: Letters of Dalton Trumbo, 1942-1962,” published by M. Evans & Company in 1970.) “He couldn’t wait to get to the mailbox to get the replies,” Mr. Askin said, describing Trumbo’s approach to correspondence in a recent phone interview. “He relished the duel.” Many of the letters exist only because their writer, who died in 1976, kept a huge cache of carbon copies. His son — who had two sisters, Melissa, known as Mitzi, and Nikola — said the file was an outgrowth of Trumbo’s insistence on precision in his many battles. “It’s hard to remember what you said 20 years ago, if they’re going to call you on it,” Mr. Trumbo said of his father. “Given his nature, people were always doing that.” More than a few letters deal with Trumbo’s relentless struggle to regain the good life in the years before his credits on “Spartacus” and “Exodus” in 1960 helped break the blacklist. If a yearning for days when he was reputedly Hollywood’s highest-paid writer seemed contradictory for a card-carrying Communist, that was no more puzzling, Christopher Trumbo said, than his father’s seemingly casual decision to join the party in the first place. “It came as a complete surprise to my mother,” said Mr. Trumbo, who is working on a book about the blacklist. “They had talked about it and decided not to join.” Asked why Hollywood has often seemed less inclined than his father to set aside past sins, Mr. Trumbo said it was because so many were complicit in shutting out the relative few who were actually denied work for their political stance. “People feel guilty about it,” he said. “I think it’s because essentially the community itself recognized that it didn’t have to happen. And they let it happen.”

Trumbo

http://movies.netflix.com/WiMovie/Trumbo/70081095?trkid=496624

Trumbo
2007PG-1395 minutes
After failing to cooperate with the House Un-American Activities Committee in 1947, successful screenwriter Dalton Trumbo was blacklisted in Hollywood. This documentary details Trumbo's life through personal letters, interviews and archival footage. Well-known actors such as Joan Allen, Brian Dennehy, Paul Giamatti, David Strathairn, Donald Sutherland and others lend their voices to readings of Dalton Trumbo's personal letters.


Excellent documentary on the legendary blacklisted writer, his unyielding beliefs, his cantankerous personality, and most importantly his words. His letters are read by terrific actors like David Straithairn and Donald Sutherland, and it¿s in these readings that we get an insight into how sad America¿s fear of intellectuals and artists really is. The film has flaws, including glossing over or rushing through way some of the most important turns in Trumbo¿s professional life (e.g., his return to finally being able to take credit for his work in 1960) and there¿s a slight lack of emotional punch to the whole thing. But this is intelligent filmmaking, and Trumbo¿s words will ring in my head for a long time

A striking moment was in the HUAC hearings, when the chairman sarcastically responded to Trumbo, demanding to be presented with evidence of the crime he had supposedly committed: Oh you want to see the evidence, do you. And the people in the committee room erupted with derisive laughter. In the long run, who will be remembered with affection and gratitude, the Nixons and Hoovers and McCarthys or the Trumbos of this world? It is certainly clear beyond the shadow of a doubt who will have the last word. Many words. Words that the forces of conformism, repression, and hysteria would erase from history, if they could. - Trumbo was of course and necessarily guilty of subversion. You have to subvert that which is trying to keep you obedient and subservient to, and fearful of, an unjust and undeserving authority. It will always be remembered that Dalton Trumbo, a rather meek scribbler, a non-violent, thinking human being, stood his ground, did not name names, did not rat on his friends, did not knuckle under to the pressures of the persecutory mob mentality, that fostered an atmosphere of hysteria in America, and that extended its obscene reach even into the public schools,

where it ostracized children. And it will just as assuredly be remembered that he paid the price for his principles, enduring imprisonment, poverty, exile, and the suspension of a brilliant career. Hemingway said: When they want to get you, they get you. And yet it has also been said: You cant keep a good man down. He wrote scripts incognito, using made-up names, even winning an Oscar while on the blacklist! The dawn finally arrived when Kirk Douglas and Otto Preminger insisted that Trumbo be given credit for the screenplays of two of Hollywoods classic films. Now thats a Hollywood ending!

Documentaries about a single person are often hagiographic, elevating the subject's qualities at the expense of examining his evident shortcomings; this film is no different, but in this case the filmmaker gets a pass. The failings of Dalton Trumbo, if you can call them that, were thrust upon him from without, by the U.S. government in its HUAC witch-hunts of communists in Hollywood during the 1950s, which found him, along with nine others screenwriters and producers, of contempt of Congress and sentenced to one year in prison. They refused to name names. The filmmaker's conceit of employing actors to perform staged readings of excerpts from Trumbo's vast correspondence is particularly inventive -- don't miss the letter Nathan Lane reads! -- in finding a way to dramatically express the personal and political passions that got him into trouble. These letters also reveal the qualities - intelligence, humor, insistence on principle - of a good writer and of a good, if curmudgeonly, citizen. Not knowing much about Trumbo before seeing this film, afterwards I don't think I'll forget him.

The first review is suspicious. It smells of sulphur. It would good to see complete documentation of his allegations. Regardless, art doesn’t require perfect people. So look beyond the dogmatic and ask him who’s without sin to throw his stones around. The fact is Trumbo was one of the greatest script writers of all time, and his dedication to the downtrodden, oppressed, wretched of the earth was unswerving. SPARTACUS; THE BRAVE ONE; PAPILLON; THE SANDPIPER, all testify to a tremendous genius. See the movie, it’s superb.

We caught this on PBS just a couple weeks ago, and I'm glad to see it's available on DVD now. Reading some of the reviews here, I was astonished to hear that some people were unaware of who Dalton Trumbo was! I guess I'm showing my age, but I'm old enough to remember the blacklist. Trumbo's story (and the story of his heroic colleagues and the not-so-heroic studio bosses) is one that needs to be told and retold. It could happen again. Passages from his work and letters are read by a stable of famous actors (your chance to play "name that actor"), and the results are often profoundly moving and occasionally hilarious (the letter Nathan Lane reads is the high point). Watch this, then go watch some of the movies he wrote.

This is an outstanding piece, only in that it shows how poorly our Government allows piss ant politicians "carte Blanche" to ruin peoples careers and lives all because of Patriotism. I could have done without the melodramatic effects from some of the "Actors", but a few of their recitals drove home a strong message. Dalton Trumbo needs to be heard...his story and what he and his family suffered needs to be examined. I was moved by his letter to the School board, concerning his daughter .....

This film is a fitting tribute to the courage of Trumbo and his colleges. Courage of conviction is one of the most honorable traits humans can aspire to in this brief mortal coil. The tragedy is that we as a country have not learned from this cautionary tale. Indeed, the term witch-hunt persists as a common tactic perpetrated by the fearful and paranoid right wing faction of this country since it's genocidal inception. The reading of Trumbo's works were inspiring. And as a side note... Donald is far beyond his son in the craft.

Oh, those dark Hollywood days of blacklisting! So many talented ones stripped of their livelihood and others even imprisoned! I felt so sorry for Trumbo and his family! Thank goodness this prolific writer continued to hone his literary skills under other names, and even won an academy award which he could only claim many years later

Of all the questions and conundrums raised by this documentary, the least relevant to me is the question of whether Trumbo was a Communist or whether he helped the FBI track down war protestors in WWII. (A simple search online tells us he was briefly a member of the Communist party, and that to his regret, he did pass on some correspondence from pro-Nazi fans during the war; certainly no one is nominating the man for sainthood.) The relevant issue is not what Trumbo believed, but the assertion of Trumbo and the rest of the Hollywood Ten that as Americans protected by the Constitution, they had the fundamental right to free speech and assembly, and that was not limited to the RIGHT speech and the RIGHT associations as decided by Congress. Trumbo is an excellent window on the matter, as he's wonderfully unrepentant to the end, but it's the view that ultimately matters: of open mockery by politicians of the First Amendment in the halls of Congress, of adult-sponsored bullying of the children of political undesirables, of state internment of politically liberal and 'wrong-thinking' people. (Appropriate, as Congress passes NDAA and we prepare to repeat our mistakes...) He's an eloquent window on evil times, when politicians forgot the principles young men had fought and died for less than a decade earlier.

Looking back into the McCarthey era I can't help but think about the present day impending "enemy of the state" paranoia of our elected officials passing law to "disappear" US citizens and strike a fatal blow into the heart of our Bill of Rights and Constitution. Mr. Trumbo was blacklisted but was able to go underground to make a living and feed his family via his ranch. Todays Mr. Trumbo would be insnared into a technocontrol grid so vast that survival would elude him (us). Every comment and pix on Facebook, blog, indeed this writing would be used to coerce a conviction. Google street cameras, GPS phones, RFID technology, smart meters, drones all bring pressure to bare. In the digital age mortgages, bank accounts, credit card denial of service would not allow for Mr. Trumbo's safety net to save him. The real powers behind the HUAC have learned well from their previous experiments to socially engineer society to the point that unless you agree to indentured servitude you will be wiped off the face of the Earth. With the impending collapse of the economy perpetrated on us by the Federal Reserve Banks causing inflation and tax burden, a Louisiana government official is now thinking to ask the US military to keep order (Martial law) to arrrest US citizens in the state. This corresponds with the requests for quotes by the DOD to find contractors to man all the FEMA camps throughout the USA. The end game senario is much more fatalistic then the real life and times of Dalton Trumbo.

It is a viewpoint of a gifted American writer, whose movies I've enjoyed since childhood. His interviews are wonderful, though I must agree with others that the actors did fawn over him like giddy schoolgirls. Like his movies, you feel good things about him and you feel for him. You wish you would be found his friend in spite of the costs. Like Walter Mathau's character in "Lonely are the Brave," you want to let him go free. But like that movie, Trumbo's life is a complex view of freedom, which isn't free of natural consequence. Trumbo may have warned against hero worship when he stated in an interview in this piece that on both sides there was good and bad. I suspect he was talking about himself as well as others. The documentary does well to reveal the bad on the side of those who named names, those producers who enforced a blacklist, and the 53rd Congress who forced people into a horrible choice. It doesn't speak enough about all those Americans who mistakenly did tote the Communist party line in the 30s and 40s. A 1941Time magazine book review is critical of a work by Trumbo as doing just that, pushing propaganda. Are the accusations true that he worked to discourage writers, books, movies and attitudes that opposed anything Stalinesque? Did he pressure a writer to recant? If those accusations are true, he was not someone who put freedom of speech above all else. Heads of Hollywood knew he was gifted, but did they also know he was influencing the culture to support a foreign power which abhors individual freedoms?The story is complex and hero worship unsuitable. A simple university student will be satisfied with a story of witch hunts and those who stand alone against evil because there is a good side and bad side. For a movie lover, I am left living with a Kazan who is not completely bad, and a Trumbo who is not completely good. I'll always enjoy their movies. Do watch this documentary.

One previous reviewer wrote: "Documentaries about a single person are often hagiographic, elevating the subject's qualities at the expense of examining his evident shortcomings; this film is no different." That comment is spot on. But this next statement, from the same review, I will disagree with: "but in this case the filmmaker gets a pass." I disagree because, while Dalton Trumbo is no-doubt a brave man for standing up to the bullies of HUAC, and a very worthy subject for a documentary, this movie is not really concerned with the Red Scare and mentions it almost in passing -- maybe 20 minutes out of the 96 are concerned with it. Rather, this documentary seems much more interested in building Trumbo up as a type of humanistic literary mastermind, and to this end becomes a boring, pedantic and sermonizing agitprop. For instance, the film tells the story of Trumbo's life using famous actors performing Trumbo's personal letters. This is a very disingenuous exploitation of Trumbo's work -- undoubtedly the Producers of this film hope to cash in on the names of these famous stars to attract an audience to a documentary about a little known screenwriter, because they don't feel Trumbo's brave actions during the Red Scare will sell enough DVDs on its own. In a particularly egregious offense, a very over-the-top performance by Nathan Lane of a humorous letter by Trumbo to his son about a certain solitary activity of the male species, is a particularly crude abuse of Trumbo's legacy. I greatly respect Trumbo and his ideals, among which I believe privacy was certainly one, something the people who made this documentary know nothing about. But then again, they're in Hollywood, right?

One of the best documentaries I've seen, and probably due to the incredible heart of the piece. Trumbo, one of the most prominent men to be dashed by the red scare in the 40's and 50's, and a perfect case study in investigating the horrors of the process and the power that our government has over our personal lives. The actors take up his writings and perform them well, giving us personality that cannot be found on the reels of his life. Trumbo is a hilarious, incredibly intelligent, and powerful personage and his tale is one that must be seen. You will find yourself frustrated with our system, while also buoyed that the human spirit is indomitable and that the right can eventually win. And you'll get to see what incredible films Trumbo had a hand in. If you have the hankering for a documentary, put this at the top of your list.

Cast:Dalton Trumbo, Michael Douglas, Donald Sutherland, Liam Neeson, Paul Giamatti, Josh Lucas, David Strathairn, Joan Allen, Danny Glover, Brian Dennehy, Nathan LaneDirector:Peter AskinGenres:Documentaries, Biographical Documentaries, Political Documentaries, Social & Cultural DocumentariesThis movie is:InspiringAvailability:Streaming

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalton_Trumbo

James Dalton Trumbo (December 9, 1905 – September 10, 1976) was an American screenwriter and novelist. As one of the Hollywood Ten, he refused to testify before the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) in 1947 during the committee's investigation of Communist influences in the motion picture industry. Trumbo won two Academy Awards while blacklisted; one was originally given to a front writer, and one was awarded to Robert Rich, Trumbo's pseudonym.[1][2]

Blacklisting effectively ended in 1960 when it lost credibility. Trumbo was publicly given credit for two blockbuster films: Otto Preminger made public that Trumbo wrote the screenplay for the smash hit, Exodus,[3] and Kirk Douglas publicly announced that Trumbo was the screenwriter of Spartacus.[4] Further, President-elect John F. Kennedy crossed picket lines to see the movie.[5]

His son Christopher Trumbo wrote a play based on his letters during the period of the blacklist, entitled Red, White and Blacklisted (2003), produced in New York in 2003. He adapted it as a film, adding material from documentary footage, Trumbo (2007).[6][7]

On December 19, 2011, The Writers Guild of America announced that Trumbo will get full credit for his work on the screenplay of the 1953 romantic comedy Roman Holiday, sixty years after the fact.[8][9]


Contents [hide]
1 Early life
Early lifeTrumbo was born in Montrose, Colorado, the son of Maud (née Tillery) and Orus Bonham Trumbo, and his family moved to Grand Junction in 1908.[10] He was proud of his paternal ancestor, a Franco-Swiss immigrant Jacob Trumbo (likely anglicized spelling), who settled in the colony of Virginia in 1736.[11] Trumbo graduated from Grand Junction High School. While still in high school, he worked as a cub reporter for the Grand Junction Daily Sentinel, covering courts, the high school, the mortuary and civic organizations. He attended the University of Colorado at Boulder for two years, working as a reporter for the Boulder Daily Camera and contributing to the campus humor magazine, the yearbook and the campus newspaper. He was also a member of Delta Tau Delta International Fraternity.

For nine years after his father died, he worked the night shift wrapping bread at a Los Angeles bakery, attended USC, reviewed some movies, wrote 88 short stories and six novels that were rejected for publication.[12]

2 Career
Trumbo got his professional start working for Vogue magazine.[citation needed]

In 1934 he became a reader in the story department at Warner Brothers studio.[12]

His first published novel, Eclipse (1935), about a town and its people, was written in the social realist style and drew on his years in Grand Junction. The book was controversial in Grand Junction and many people were unhappy with his portrayal. Years after his death, he would be honored with a statue in front of the Avalon Theater on Main Street, where he was depicted writing a screenplay in a bathtub.

He started in movies in 1937 and became one of Hollywood's highest paid writers at about $4000 per week while on assignment,[13] as much as $80,000 in one year.[12] He worked on such films as Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo (1944), Our Vines Have Tender Grapes (1945), and Kitty Foyle (1940), for which he was nominated for an Academy Award for Writing Adapted Screenplay.

Trumbo's 1939 anti-war novel, Johnny Got His Gun won one of the early National Book Awards: the Most Original Book of 1939.[14] It was inspired by an article Trumbo read several years earlier, concerning the Prince of Wales hospital visit to a Canadian soldier who had lost all his limbs in World War I.[15]

3 Involvement with communism
Involvement with communismTrumbo aligned himself with the Communist Party USA before the 1940s,[citation needed] although he did not join the party until 1943.[13] After the outbreak of World War II in 1939, American communists argued that the United States should not get involved in the war on the side of the United Kingdom, since the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact of nonaggression meant that the Soviet Union was at peace with Germany.[citation needed]

In 1941, Trumbo wrote a novel The Remarkable Andrew, in which, in one scene, the ghost of Andrew Jackson appears in order to caution the United States not to get involved in the war. In a review of the book, Time Magazine wrote, "General Jackson's opinions need surprise no one who has observed George Washington and Abraham Lincoln zealously following the Communist Party Line in recent years."[16]

Shortly after the 1941 German invasion of the Soviet Union, Trumbo and his publisher decided to suspend reprinting of Johnny Got His Gun until the end of the war. During the war, Trumbo received letters from individuals "denouncing Jews" and using Johnny to support their arguments for "an immediate negotiated peace" with Nazi Germany; Trumbo reported these correspondents to the FBI.[17] Trumbo regretted this decision, which he called "foolish". After two FBI agents showed up at his home, he understood that "their interest lay not in the letters but in me."[17]
Trumbo was a member of the Communist Party USA from 1943 until 1948.[18] The scholar Kenneth Billingsley found that Trumbo wrote The Daily Worker about films which he said communist influence in Hollywood had prevented from being made: among them were proposed adaptations of Arthur Koestler's anti-totalitarian works Darkness at Noon and The Yogi and the Commissar, which described the rise of communism in Russia.[19]

3.1 Blacklisting
BlacklistingMain article: Hollywood blacklist
During the McCarthy Era in 1947, when US Senator Joseph McCarthy of Wisconsin claimed that the federal government and other institutions were riddled with Communists, the US House began hearings about purported communist influence in Hollywood. Trumbo, along with nine other writers and directors, was called before the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) as an unfriendly witness to testify on the presence of communist influence in Hollywood. Trumbo and the other nine refused to give information. After conviction for contempt of Congress, he and the others were blacklisted from working in Hollywood. In 1950, Dalton served 11 months in prison as punishment for the contempt conviction, in the federal penitentiary in Ashland, Kentucky.

After Trumbo and the others were blacklisted, some Hollywood actors and directors, such as Elia Kazan and Clifford Odets, agreed to testify and to provide names of fellow communist party members to Congress. Many of those who testified were immediately ostracized and shunned by their former friends and associates.[citation needed]

Trumbo said in a speech given in 1970 that there was blame on all sides:

There was bad faith and good, honesty and dishonesty, courage and cowardice, selflessness and opportunism, wisdom and stupidity, good and bad on both sides; and almost every individual involved, no matter where he stood, combined some or all of these antithetical qualities in his own person, in his own acts.[7]

4 Later life
Later lifeAfter completing his sentence, Trumbo could not get work in California, so he sold his ranch and his family moved to Mexico City[13] with Hugo Butler and his wife Jean Rouverol, who had also been blacklisted. He recalled earning $1750 average fee for 18 screenplays in two years and said, "None was very good."[13] In Mexico he wrote 30 scripts under pseudonyms, such as Gun Crazy (1950), based on a short story by MacKinlay Kantor, who was the front for the screenplay. It was not until 1992 that Trumbo's role was revealed.[20]

Gradually the blacklist began to be weakened. With the support of Otto Preminger, Trumbo was credited for his screenplay for the 1960 film Exodus, adapted from the novel by Leon Uris. Shortly thereafter, Kirk Douglas made public Trumbo's credit for the screenplay for Spartacus (1960),[21] an event which has been cited as the beginning of the end of the blacklist. Trumbo was reinstated in the Writers Guild of America, West, and was credited on all subsequent scripts.

In 1971, Trumbo directed the film adaptation of his novel Johnny Got His Gun, which starred Timothy Bottoms, Diane Varsi, Jason Robards and Donald Sutherland.

One of Trumbo's last films, Executive Action (1973), was based on various conspiracy theories about the Kennedy assassination.

His account and analysis of the Smith Act trials is entitled The Devil in the Book.

5 Academy Awards
Academy AwardsHe won an Oscar for The Brave One (1956), written under the name Robert Rich. In 1975, the Academy officially recognized Trumbo as the winner and presented him with a statuette.

In 1993, Trumbo was posthumously awarded the Academy Award for writing Roman Holiday (1953). The screen credit and award were previously given to Ian McLellan Hunter, who had been a "front" for Trumbo.[22]

6 Personal life
Personal lifeIn 1939, Trumbo married Cleo Fincher. She was born in Fresno on July 17, 1916, and later moved with her divorced mother and her brother and sister to Los Angeles. Cleo Trumbo died of natural causes at the age of 93 on October 9, 2009, in the Bay Area city of Los Altos. At the time she was living with her eldest daughter Mitzi.[23]

They had three children: the filmmaker and screenwriter Christopher Trumbo, who became an expert on the Hollywood blacklist;[6] Melissa, known as Mitzi, a photographer; and Nikola Trumbo, a psychotherapist.[24]

In 2003, Christopher Trumbo mounted a Broadway play based on his father's letters called Trumbo: Red, White and Blacklisted, in which a wide variety of actors played his father during the run, including Nathan Lane, Tim Robbins, Brian Dennehy, Ed Harris, Chris Cooper and Gore Vidal. A documentary about Dalton Trumbo called Trumbo was produced in 2007 incorporating elements of the play as well as footage of Dalton Trumbo and a panoply of interviews.[25]

7 Death
Death Dalton Trumbo died in Los Angeles of a heart attack at the age of 70 on September 10, 1976. He donated his body to science.[26]

8 Works
WorksSelected film works
Road Gang, 1936
Love Begins at 20, 1936
Devil's Playground, 1937
Fugitives for a Night, 1938
A Man to Remember, 1938
Five Came Back, 1939 (with Nathanael West and J. Cody)
Curtain Call, 1941
Bill of Divorcement, 1940
Kitty Foyle, 1940
The Remarkable Andrew, 1942
Tender Comrade, 1944
A Guy Named Joe, 1944
Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo, 1944
Our Vines Have Tender Grapes, 1945
Gun Crazy, 1950 (co-writer, front Millard Kaufman)
He Ran All the Way, 1951 (co-writer, front Guy Endore)
The Prowler, 1951 (uncredited with Hugo Butler)
Roman Holiday, 1953 (front Ian McLellan Hunter)
They Were So Young, 1954, (pseudonym: Felix Lutzkendorf)
The Boss, 1956 (front: Ben L. Perry)
The Brave One, 1956 (front Robert Rich)
The Green-eyed Blonde, 1957 (front: Sally Stubblefield)
From the Earth to the Moon, 1958 (co-writer as front: James Leicester)
Cowboy (1958) (front: Edmund H. North)
Spartacus, 1960, dir. by Stanley Kubrick
Exodus, 1960 (based on Leon Uris' 1958 novel of the same name)
The Last Sunset, 1961
Lonely are the Brave, 1962
The Sandpiper, 1965
Hawaii, 1966 (based on the novel by James Michener, 1959)
The Fixer, 1968
Johnny Got His Gun, 1971 (also directed)
The Horsemen, 1971
F.T.A., 1972
Executive Action, 1973
Papillon, 1973 (based on the novel by Henri Charrière, 1969)
Novels, plays and essays
Eclipse, 1935
Washington Jitters, 1936
Johnny Got His Gun, 1939
The Remarkable Andrew, 1940 (also known as Chronicle of a Literal Man)
The Biggest Thief in Town, 1949 (lay)
The Time Out of the Toad, 1972 (essays)
Night of the Aurochs, 1979 (unfinished, ed. R. Kirsch)
Non-fiction
Harry Bridges, 1941
The Time of the Toad, 1949
The Devil in the Book, 1956
Additional Dialogue: Letters of Dalton Trumbo, 1942–62, 1970 (ed. by H. Manfull)

9 See also
See also Biography portal
The Hollywood Ten, documentary
Trumbo, a 2007 documentary by Peter Askin based on Christopher Trumbo's stage play
Dalton Trumbo, biography by Bruce Cook
Dalton Trumbo: Hollywood Rebel, biography by Peter Hanson
10 References
References
1.^ AMPAS Press Release
2.^ AMPAS Oscar Trivia
3.^ Nordheimer, Jon (September 11, 1976). "Dalton Trumbo, Film Writer, Dies; Oscar Winner Had Been Blacklisted". The New York Times: p. 17. http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F7091EFE395C137B93C3A81782D85F428785F9&scp=3&sq=dalton%20trumbo%20exodus&st=cse. Retrieved 2008-08-11. "... it was Otto Preminger, the director, who broke the blacklist months later by publicly announcing that he had hired Mr. Trumbo to do the screenplay ..."
4.^ Harvey, Steve (September 10, 1976). "Dalton Trumbo Dies at 70, One of the 'Hollywood 10'". Los Angeles Times: p. 1. "He recalled how his name returned to the screen in 1960 with the help of Spartacus star Kirk Douglas: 'I had been working on Spartacus for about a year ..."
5.^ Schwartz, Richard A.. "How the Film and Television Blacklists Worked". Florida International University. http://comptalk.fiu.edu/blacklist.htm. Retrieved December 15, 2011.
6.^ a b McLellan, Dennis (January 12, 2011). "Christopher Trumbo dies at 70; screen and TV writer whose father was blacklisted". Los Angeles Times. http://articles.latimes.com/2011/jan/12/local/la-me-christopher-trumbo-20110112. Retrieved December 15, 2011.
7.^ a b Cieply, Michael (September 11, 2007). "A Voice From the Blacklist: Documentary Lets Dalton Trumbo Speak (Through Surrogates)". New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/11/movies/11trumbo.html?_r=1&oref=slogin. Retrieved December 15, 2011.
8.^ Cheryl Devall, Paige Osburn (December 19, 2011). "Blacklisted writer gets credit restored after 60 years for Oscar-winning film". 89.3 KPCC. http://www.scpr.org/news/2011/12/19/30417/blacklisted-writer-gets-credit-restored-oscar-winn/. Retrieved December 20, 2011.
9.^ Verrier, Richard (December 19, 2011). "Writers Guild restores screenplay credit to Trumbo for 'Roman Holiday'". Los Angeles Times. http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/entertainmentnewsbuzz/2011/12/writers-guild-restores-screenplay-credit-to-trumbo-for-roman-holiday.html. Retrieved December 20, 2011.
10.^ Peter Hanson, Dalton Trumbo, Hollywood Rebel: A Critical Survey and Filmography, McFarland, 2007, p. 12
11.^ Additional Dialogue; Letters of Dalton Trumbo, 1942-1962, edited by M. Evans, Lippincott, 1970, footnote #10, p. 26
12.^ a b c Well, Martin (September 9, 1976). "Dalton Trumbo, 70, Dies: Blacklisted Screenwriter". Washington Post. .
13.^ a b c d Nordheimer 1976.
14.^ "1939 Book Awards Given by Critics: Elgin Groseclose's 'Ararat' is Picked ...", The New York Times, 1940-02-14, page 25. ProQuest Historical Newspapers The New York Times (1851-2007).
15.^ Sparknotes.com. Retrieved 04-12-2010
16.^ Counsel from Hollywood, Time Magazine, February 3, 1941
17.^ a b Dalton Trumbo. Johnny Got His Gun. Citadel Press, 2000, pg 5, introduction
18.^ Victor Navasky, Naming Names, New York: Viking, 2003
19.^ Kenneth Billingsley, "Hollywood's Missing Movies: Why American films have ignored life under communism", Reason Magazine, June 2000
20.^ John Apostolou, "MacKinlay Kantor", The Armchair Detective, Spring 1997, republished on Mystery File, accessed 17 Oct 2010
21.^ Trumbo (2007) at the Internet Movie Database Retrieved April 25, 2010.
22.^ "Great To Be Nominated" Enjoys a "Roman Holiday" AMPAS
23.^ McLellan, Dennis (October 18, 2009). "Cleo Trumbo dies at 93; wife of blacklisted screenwriter Dalton Trumbo". Los Angeles Times. http://articles.latimes.com/2009/oct/18/local/me-cleo-trumbo18/2.
24.^ Michael Cieply (2007-09-11). "A Voice From the Blacklist: Documentary Lets Dalton Trumbo Speak". The New York Times (New York). http://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/11/movies/11trumbo.html?_r=1&oref=slogin. Retrieved 2008-01-04.
25.^ "Son Of Blacklisted Hollywood Writer Trumbo Dies" (Jan. 12, 2011) KTVU.com. Retrieved 1-12-2011.
26.^ Nordheimer, Jon (September 11, 1976). "Dalton Trumbo, Film Writer, Dies; Oscar Winner Had Been Blacklisted". New York Times. http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F7091EFE395C137B93C3A81782D85F428785F9. Retrieved 2008-06-18. "Dalton Trumbo, the Hollywood screen writer who was perhaps the most famous member of the blacklisted film industry authors called "the Hollywood Ten," died of a heart attack early today at his home here. He was 70 years old. He donated his body to science."

11 Further reading
Further reading
Hanson, Peter, Dalton Trumbo, Hollywood Rebel: A Critical Survey and Filmography, McFarland (October 1, 2007) ISBN 0-7864-3246-2
"Hollywood On Trial, a timely reminder",http://www.wsws.org/articles/2009/dec2009/holl-d10.shtml (Charles Bogle)
12 External links
External links Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Dalton Trumbo

Dalton Trumbo at the Internet Movie Database

Salt of the Earth (1954) The Hollywood Ten (1950)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Organized_Labour/March/15/Selected_article

Salt of the Earth From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Redirected from Portal:Organized Labour/March/15/Selected article)
Jump to: navigation, search For other uses, see Salt of the earth (disambiguation).
Salt of the Earth

Video cover
Directed by Herbert J. Biberman
Produced by Paul Jarrico
Sonja Dahl Biberman
Adolfo Barela
Written by Michael Wilson
Michael Biberman
Starring Rosaura Revueltas
Will Geer
David Wolfe
Mervin Williams
David Sarvis
Ernesto Velázquez
Juan Chacón
Henrietta Williams
Music by Sol Kaplan
Cinematography Stanley Meredith
Leonard Stark
Editing by Joan Laird
Ed Spiegel
Distributed by Independent Productions
Release date(s) March 14, 1954 (1954-03-14) (New York City)
Running time 94 minutes
Country United States
Language English
Spanish
Budget $250,000

Salt of the Earth (1954) is an American drama film written by Michael Wilson, directed by Herbert J. Biberman, and produced by Paul Jarrico. All had been blacklisted by the Hollywood establishment due to their alleged involvement in communist politics.[1]

The film is one of the first pictures to advance the feminist social and political point of view. Its plot centers on a long and difficult strike, based on the 1951 strike against the Empire Zinc Company in Grant County, New Mexico. In the film, the company is identified as "Delaware Zinc," and the setting is "Zinctown, New Mexico." The film shows how the miners, the company, and the police react during the strike. In neorealist style, the producers and director used actual miners and their families as actors in the film



Salt of the Earth

Video cover
Directed by Herbert J. Biberman
Produced by Paul Jarrico
Sonja Dahl Biberman
Adolfo Barela
Written by Michael Wilson
Michael Biberman
Starring Rosaura Revueltas
Will Geer
David Wolfe
Mervin Williams
David Sarvis
Ernesto Velázquez
Juan Chacón
Henrietta Williams
Music by Sol Kaplan
Cinematography Stanley Meredith
Leonard Stark
Editing by Joan Laird
Ed Spiegel
Distributed by Independent Productions
Release date(s) March 14, 1954 (1954-03-14) (New York City)
Running time 94 minutes
Country United States
Language English
Spanish
Budget $250,000
__________________________________________________________________________________
Contents [hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Production
4 Reception
4.1 Critical response
4.2 Awards and recognition
5 Later history
5.1 Other releases
5.2 Adaptations
6 See also
7 References
7.1 Notes
7.2 Bibliography
8 External links
________________________________________________________________________________
The film opens with a narration from Esperanza Quintero (Rosaura Revueltas). She begins:

"How shall I begin my story that has no beginning? My name is Esperanza, Esperanza Quintero. I am a miner's wife. This is our home. The house is not ours. But the flowers... the flowers are ours. This is my village. When I was a child, it was called San Marcos. The Anglos changed the name to Zinc Town. Zinc Town, New Mexico, U.S.A. Our roots go deep in this place, deeper than the pines, deeper than the mine shaft..."
he issues the miners strike for include equity in wages with Anglo workers and health and safety issues. Ramon Quintero (Juan Chacon) helps organize the strike, but at home he treats his wife as a second-class citizen. His wife, Esperanza Quintero, pregnant with their third child, is passive at first and reluctant either to take part in the strike or to assert her rights for equality at home. She changes her attitude when the men are forced to end their picketing by a Taft-Hartley Act injunction. At the union hall, the women convince the men after a long debate that they should be allowed to participate and they join the picket line.

join the picket line.

CastProfessional actors

Rosaura Revueltas as Esperanza Quintero
Will Geer as Sheriff
David Wolfe as Barton
Mervin Williams as Hartwell
David Sarvis as Alexander
Non-professional actors

Juan Chacón as Ramon Quintero
Henrietta Williams as Teresa Vidal
Ernesto Velázquez as Charley Vidal
Ángela Sánchez as Consuelo Ruiz
Joe T. Morales as Sal Ruiz
The film was called subversive and blacklisted because the International Union of Mine, Mill and Smelter Workers sponsored it and many blacklisted Hollywood professional helped produce it. The union had been expelled from the CIO in 1950 for its alleged communist-dominated leadership.[2]

Director Herbert Biberman was one of the Hollywood screenwriters and directors who refused to answer the House Committee on Un-American Activities on questions of CPUSA affiliation in 1947. The Hollywood Ten were cited and convicted for contempt of Congress and jailed. Biberman was imprisoned in the Federal Correctional Institution at Texarkana for six months. After his release he directed this film.[3] Other participants who made the film and were blacklisted by the Hollywood studios include: Paul Jarrico, Will Geer, Rosaura Revueltas, and Michael Wilson.

The producers cast only five professional actors. The rest were locals from Grant County, New Mexico, or members of the International Union of Mine, Mill and Smelter Workers, Local 890, many of whom were part of the strike that inspired the plot. Juan Chacón, for example, was a real-life Union Local president. In the film he plays the protagonist, who has trouble dealing with women as equals.[4] The director was reluctant to cast him at first, thinking he was too "gentle," but both Revueltas and his sister-in-law, Sonja Dahl Biberman, wife of Biberman's brother Edward, urged him to cast Chacón as Ramon.[5]
The film was denounced by the United States House of Representatives for its communist sympathies, and the FBI investigated the film's financing. The American Legion called for a nation-wide boycott of the film. Film-processing labs were told not to work on Salt of the Earth and unionized projectionists were instructed not to show it.[citation needed] After its opening night in New York City, the film languished for 10 years because all but 12 theaters in the country refused to screen it.[6]

By one journalist's account: "During the course of production in New Mexico in 1953, the trade press denounced it as a subversive plot, anti-Communist vigilantes fired rifle shots at the set, the film's leading lady [Rosaura Revueltas] was deported to Mexico, and from time to time a small airplane buzzed noisily overhead....The film, edited in secret, was stored for safekeeping in an anonymous wooden shack in Los Angeles."[7]
Critical response
Miners before they strikeThe Hollywood establishment did not embrace the film at the time of its release, when McCarthyism was in full force. The Hollywood Reporter charged at the time that it was made "under direct orders of the Kremlin."[8] Pauline Kael, who reviewed the film for Sight and Sound in 1954, said it was "as clear a piece of Communist propaganda as we have had in many years."[9]

New York Times film critic Bosley Crowther reviewed the picture favorably, both the screenplay and the direction, writing: "In the light of this agitated history, it is somewhat surprising to find that Salt of the Earth is, in substance, simply a strong pro-labor film with a particularly sympathetic interest in the Mexican-Americans with whom it deals...But the real dramatic crux of the picture is the stern and bitter conflict within the membership of the union. It is the issue of whether the women shall have equality of expression and of strike participation with the men. And it is along this line of contention that Michael Wilson's tautly muscled script develops considerable personal drama, raw emotion and power." Crowther called the film "a calculated social document."[10]

The film found a wide audience in both Western and Eastern Europe in the 1950s.[11]

The review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reported that 100% of critics gave the film a positive review, based on eleven reviews.[12]

Awards and recognition
Karlovy Vary International Film Festival: Best Actress: Rosaura Revueltas; Crystal Globe Award for Best Picture, Herbert J. Biberman, Karlovy Vary (Carlsbad), Czech Republic; 1954.
Academie du Cinema de Paris: International Grand Prize; 1955.[13]
In 1992 the Library of Congress selected the film for preservation in the United States National Film Registry for being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant."[citation needed]

The story of the film's suppression, as well as the events it depicted, inspired an underground audience of unionists, leftists, feminists, Mexican-Americans, and film historians. The film found a new life in the 1960s and gradually reached wider audiences through union halls, women's centers, and film schools. The 50th anniversary of the film saw a number of commemorative conferences held across the United States.[14]

The "Salt of the Earth Labor College" located in Tucson, Arizona is named after the film. The pro-labor institution (not a college, per se) holds various lectures and forums related to unionism and economic justice. The film is screened on a frequent basis.[15]

Around 1993, Massachusetts Institute of Technology linguistics professor and political commentator Noam Chomsky praised the film because of the way people were portrayed doing the real work of unions. He said, "[T]he real work is being done by people who are not known, that's always been true in every popular movement in history...I don't know how you get that across in a film. Actually, come to think of it, there are some films that have done it. I mean, I don't see a lot of visual stuff, so I'm not the best commentator, but I thought Salt of the Earth really did it. It was a long time ago, but at the time I thought that it was one of the really great movies—and of course it was killed, I think it was almost never shown."[16]
Other releases
Union meeting.On July 27, 1999, a digitally restored print of the film was released in DVD by Organa through Geneon (Pioneer), and packaged with the documentary The Hollywood Ten, which reported on the ten filmmakers who were blacklisted for refusing to cooperate with the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC). This Special Edition with the Hollywood Ten film is still available through Organa at organa.com. In 2004, a budget edition DVD was released by Alpha Video. A laserdisc version was released by the Criterion Collection.

Because the film's copyright was not renewed in 1982, the film is now in the public domain and may be viewed, and downloaded, by using Google Videos.[17]

[edit] AdaptationsThe film has been adapted into a two-act opera called Esperanza (Hope). The labor movement in Wisconsin and University of Wisconsin–Madison opera professor Karlos Moser commissioned the production. The music was written by David Bishop and the libretto by Carlos Morton. The opera premiered in Madison, Wisconsin, on August 25, 2000, to positive reviews.[18]
AdaptationsThe film has been adapted into a two-act opera called Esperanza (Hope). The labor movement in Wisconsin and University of Wisconsin–Madison opera professor Karlos Moser commissioned the production. The music was written by David Bishop and the libretto by Carlos Morton. The opera premiered in Madison, Wisconsin, on August 25, 2000, to positive reviews.[18]

A drama film, based on the making of the film, was chronicled in One of the Hollywood Ten (2000). It was produced and directed by Karl Francis, starred Jeff Goldblum and Greta Scacchi and was released on September 29, 2000 in Spain and European countries. It has not been released in the United States as of 2011. The film has been shown at many film festivals around the world.[citation needed]

The film is preserved by the Museum of Modern Art in New York.


The Hollywood Ten From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to: navigation, search The Hollywood Ten

Promotional image
Directed by John Berry
Written by John Berry
Starring Herbert J. Biberman
Dalton Trumbo
Cinematography Nicolas Hayer
Distributed by Criterion Collection
Release date(s) January 15, 1950
Running time 15 minutes
Country United States
Language English

The Hollywood Ten (1950) is an American 16mm short documentary film. In the film, each member of the Hollywood Ten made a short speech denouncing McCarthyism and the Hollywood Blacklisting.[1]

The film was directed by John Berry. Berry was blacklisted upon the film's release, and, unable to find work, left for France.[2]

The documentary is available on the DVD releases of Spartacus and Salt of the Earth.

Contents [hide]
1 Featuring
2 See also
3 References
4 External links


[edit] Featuring
Herbert J. Biberman

http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAbiberman.htm
Bibliography of books/articles about Salt of the Earth
Biographical and credit information from the Internet Movie Database
Lester Cole
Lester Cole
Screenwriter Lester Cole will go down in cinema history as a member of the original "Hollywood Ten," one of the first unfortunate people in the film industry to be black-listed by the House Anti-American Activities Committee in 1947. Cole, the son of Polish immigrants, began writing and directing plays at age 16 after he dropped out of high school. During the 1920s and '30s he worked as an actor on stage and screen before embarking on his screenwriting career. While in Hollywood, he was a union activist and became a co-founder of the Screen Writers Guild in 1933. He was later black-balled for challenging the committee's right to interrogate him about his political beliefs. He then served 1 year in prison, leaving behind an unfinished script that was later finished by John Steinbeck for Kazan's Viva Zapata (1952). Following his release from prison, Cole worked a series of odd jobs. In 1961 he went to London, but eventually returned to the states where he began collaborating on screenplays under an assumed name. He also taught screenwriting at the University of California, Berkeley -- Sandra Brennan [from the All-Media Guide]



Biographical and credit information from the Internet Movie Database
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAcoleL.htm
Edward Dmytryk
Edward Dmytryk
Edward Dmytryk Films in MRC

Walk on the Wild Side (1963)DVD X3924
Soldier of Fortune (1955)DVD 5956
The End of the Affair (1955)DVD X2459; vhs 999:3892
The Sniper (1952)DVD X2400
Christ in Concrete (aka Give Us This Day) (1949) DVD 3285
Crossfire (1947) DVD 4115; Video/C 999:1027
Back to Bataan (1945)DVD 2676
Cornered (1945) Video/C 999:3568
Murder My Sweet (1944) DVD 2718; Video/C 999:548
Rugglers of Red Gap (1935) Video/C 999:765
A messenger boy at Paramount in the mid 1920s, Edward Dmytryk became an editor in the 1930s and began directing in 1935. By the mid '40s he had such impressive credits as The Devil Commands (1941) with Boris Karloff; the anti-fascist Hitler's Children (1943); the noirs Murder, My Sweet (1944) and Cornered (1945), starring Dick Powell; and Crossfire (1947), one of the first Hollywood films to confront anti-Semitism. In 1948 Dmytryk became one of the "Hollywood Ten" when he was accused of having ties to the communist party and was sentenced to a year in prison for contempt of Congress. Following his imprisonment, Dymtryk was blacklisted in the U.S., so he directed three films in England, but returned to the States in 1951. Upon his return he went before the House Un-American Activities Committee again, this time as a "friendly" witness, and his name was dropped from the blacklist. He then resumed his American career and directed four films for producer Stanley Kramer, most notably The Sniper (1952) and The Caine Mutiny (1954). Dmytryk went on to make several notable films in the 1950s, including the westerns Broken Lance (1954) with Spencer Tracy, and Warlock (1959) with Henry Fonda, and the World War II drama The Young Lions (1958), starring Marlon Brando and Montgomery Clift. His subsequent work was well-made but unremarkable. [from the All-Media Guide]



http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAdmytryk.htm
Biographical and credit information from the Internet Movie Database
Ring Lardner Jr.
Ring Lardner, Jr.
The son of a famed humorist, screenwriter Ring Lardner, Jr. (born Ringgold Wilmer Lardner, Jr.) started out as a reporter for the New York Daily Mirror. Prior to that, he had briefly attended Princeton. He eventually became a publicist for David Selznick in Hollywood and after that worked uncredited as a script doctor before becoming a full-fledged screenwriter working alone or in collaboration. Lardner shared an Oscar in 1942 for Woman of the Year and his career looked quite promising until he refused to cooperate with the witch-hunts of the House Un-American Activities Committee and became one of the Hollywood Ten. For his refusal, Lardner spent a year in prison and then was blacklisted until the mid '60s. Though officially banned from Hollywood, Lardner continued working under pseudonyms and also worked uncredited. Lardner made a big comeback in 1970 when he wrote the script for M*A*S*H. -- Sandra Brennan [from the All-Media Guide]




Biographical and credit information from the Internet Movie Database
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAlardner.htm

Ring Lardner, Jr. Films in MRC

M*A*S*H (1972) TV Series (1972-- screenplay)(uncredited) DVD 1000
M*A*S*H (1970) (screenplay) DVD 7590; Video/C 999:438
Cincinnati Kid, The (1965)(screenplay) DVD 5089
Cloak and Dagger (1946) DVD 8572; vhs Video/C 999:282
Laura (1944) (uncredited) DVD 3643; vhs Video/C 999:678
Woman of the Year (1942) DVD 1841
A Star is Born (1937)(contributing writer) (uncredited) DVD 3284; vhs Video/C 999:737
Nothing Sacred (1937)(uncredited) DVD 324
John Howard Lawson
John Howard Lawson
John Howard Lawson had an exciting life before becoming a screenwriter and a playwright. As a young man during WW I, he was a volunteer ambulance driver for the Red Cross; there his peers were Ernest Hemingway, Dos Passos, and e.e. cummings. Following the war, he began editing a newspaper in Rome and working as a publicity director for the American Red Cross. During the '20s and '30s, he began writing numerous plays, most of them promoting Marxism; some of these plays made it to Broadway. He sold his first movie screenplay in 1920 to Paramount, and eight years later moved to Hollywood to become a contract writer who created screenplays, original stories, and scripts for several films. Lawson became a co-founder of the Screen Writers Guild in 1933; that year he also served as its first president. Many of Lawson's films were political and embraced socialistic concepts, such as his tribute to the US-USSR alliance formed during WW II, CounterAttack (1945). The Spanish Civil War was also a favorite topic for Lawson in films such as Blockade (1938). In 1948, Lawson became one of the notorious Hollywood Ten when he refused to co-operate with the House Un-American Activities Committee investigators. He was sentenced to one year in prison and was subsequently blacklisted in Hollywood. Lawson then exiled himself to Mexico where he began writing books on drama and filmmaking such as Film in the Battle of Ideas (1953), and Film: The Creative Process (1964). Later he also went on lecture tours in American universities where he talked about theater and cinema. -- Sandra Brennan [from the All-Media Guide]




http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAlawsonJH.htm
Biographical and credit information from the Internet Movie Database

John Howard Lawson Films in MRC

Cry the Beloved Country (screenplay) (originally uncredited) (1938) vhs 999:941
Smash-Up: The Story of a Woman (1947) (screenplay) DVD X3766
Action in the North Atlantic (1943) (screenplay) DVD 6275
Sahara (1943) (screenplay) DVD 5875
Blockade (1938) (writer) DVD 1524
Algiers (1938) (screenplay) DVD X519
Albert Maltz
Albert Maltz
Distinguished author, short-story writer, playwright and screenwriter Albert Maltz was among the notorious "Hollywood Ten," those artists who were first blackballed by the House Un-American Activities Committee for refusing to testify about communist affiliations. Following education at Columbia University and the Yale School of Drama, Maltz worked as a playwright for the left-leaning Theatre Union. During the early '30s, many of his plays were produced in New York. He also published his novels and stories. He moved to Hollywood to write screenplays in 1941 and primarily worked alone and in collaboration for Warner Brothers and Paramount. During WW II, he penned patriotic scripts for such films as Destination Tokyo (1944). In 1942, he wrote the script for the Oscar-winning documentary Moscow Strikes Back. Another documentary he wrote, The House I Live In won a special Academy Award in 1945. After refusing to cooperate with Congress in 1947, Maltz was sentenced to nearly a year in jail and was blacklisted. Though he continued to anonymously contribute to scripts, Maltz received no credit until his final film Two Mules for Sister Sara. -- Sandra Brennan [from the All-Media Guide]



http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAmaltz.htm
Biographical and credit information from the Internet Movie Database

Albert Maltz Films in MRC

The Beguiled (1971) DVD 5367
Two Mules for Sister Sara (screenplay) (1970) DVD X3222
Broken Arrow (front Michael Blankfort) (1950) DVD 8475; vhs Video/C 999:1444
The Naked City (1948) DVD 403; also VHS Video/C 999:1134
Cloak and Dagger (1946)DVD 8572; vhs Video/C 999:282
Destination Tokyo (1943) DVD 8215; Video/C 999:1578
This Gun for Hire (1942) DVD 2744; vhs Video/C 999:1706
Samuel Ornitz
Samuel Ornitz
The son of a prosperous New York dry-goods merchant, Samuel Ornitz could have followed the lead of his two older brothers by entering the business world. Instead, Ornitz turned his back on the capitalist system, making his first "progressive" public speech at the age of 12. Gravitating to writing, he achieved success with his 1923 novel Haunch Paunch and Jowl, a witty memoir of Jewish immigrant life. In Hollywood from 1929, Ornitz's screen credits were generally confined to pleasant but unremarkable programmers for such studios as RKO and Republic. His chief claim to fame in Tinseltown was as an early organizer and board member of the Screen Actors Guild. He was also one of the most outspoken of Hollywood's left-wing community, alienating many of his more cautiously liberal friends by doggedly insisting that there was no anti-Semitism in Stalin's Russia (he later backed off on this assertion when confronted by the cold, hard facts). Ornitz hadn't had a screen credit in two years when, in 1947, he was ordered to testify before the House Un-American Activities Committee. Refusing to answer the HUAC's questions about his involvement in the Communist Party, Ornitz ended up as one of the famed "Hollywood Ten," in the company of such screenwriters as Ring Lardner Jr., Albert Maltz and Dalton Trumbo. He served a year in prison for contempt of Congress, during which time he published his last truly important novel, Bride of the Sabbath. Upon his release, Samuel Ornitz was finished in Hollywood, but continued writing novels until his death at age 66. -- Hal Erickson [from the All-Media Guide]



Biographical and credit information from the Internet Movie Database
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAornitz.htm

Samuel Ornitz Films in MRC

Imitation of Life (1934) (contributing writer) (uncredited) DVD 5246; Video/C 999:2027
Adrian Scott
Adrian Scott
Screenwriter/producer Adrian Scott was among the first ten Hollywood people to be called before the House Un-American Activities Committee in the 1947. His name was provided to the committee by director/producer Edward Dmytryk, with whom Scott had worked for many years. After refusing to testify, Scott was sentenced to a year in prison. Following his release, Scott was blacklisted and never worked in films again. -- Sandra Brennan [from the All-Media Guide]




Biographical and credit information from the Internet Movie Database
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAscottA.htm

Adrian Scott Films in MRC

Imitation of Life (1934) (contributing writer) (uncredited) DVD 5246; Video/C 999:2027
Dalton Trumbo
Dalton Trumbo
Colorado-born Dalton Trumbo began his professional life as a newspaper reporter and editor and,like a lot of people in those professions, was drawn into the movie business in the mid '30s. His career as a screenwriter was rather routine during the later part of the decade, his most important scripts being Five Came Back (1939) and Kitty Foyle (1940). With the outbreak of World War II, the flashes of seriousness and spirituality that had shown up in his early work became more pronounced, and he wrote such classics as the fantasy A Guy Named Joe (1943) and the fact-based Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo (1944), which emphasized the need for sacrifice in order to win the war. Following the end of the war, Trumbo's career was blighted by the increasingly unfriendly political climate in Hollywood, where the studio heads had no use for men of ideas and ideals such as him. And then, in 1947, the roof fell in on him when he was called to testify about the alleged communist infiltration of the movie business and -- along with nine others -- refused to testify. Trumbo, who was suspect for his otherwise innocuous 1943 script for Tender Comrade (which was about communal living in wartime, not covert Communist propaganda), was cited for contempt of Congress and served a 10-month jail term. Unable to find employment in Hollywood, he moved to Mexico where he continued to write -- for fees far smaller than the $75,000 a year he'd been making from MGM before the contempt citation -- under assumed names. His script for The Brave One (1956, under the name Robert Rich) earned an Academy Award. That and other honors, most notably the Oscar earned by Michael Wilson's script for Bridge on the River Kwai (1957), helped undermine the blacklist, and Trumbo later worked openly on Exodus and Spartacus, two high-profile blockbuster productions released in 1960, as well as the more modest drama Lonely Are the Brave (1962). By the end of the '60s, with a new generation in control of Hollywood, Trumbo was welcomed back as a hero from a long war, and was permitted to direct a film adaptation of his 1939 antiwar novel Johnny Got His Gun (1971) -- the film was honored at Cannes, and got a huge amount of press coverage in the United States due to its seeming relevance to the Vietnam War, but many of the accolades were really intended to compensate for past injustice, rather than to recognize the movie, which was received as overly preachy and didactic, as well as unremittingly grim, by most viewers. Trumbo also contributed late in life to the political thriller Executive Action (1973), which dealt with an alleged conspiracy to murder President Kennedy, and the adventure drama Papillon (1973). [from the All-Media Guide]



Biographical and credit information from the Internet Movie Database
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAtrumbo.htm

Dalton Trumbo Films in MRC

Papillon (1973) DVD 5081
Johnny Got His Gun (1971) (also novel) DVD 7331
The Sandpiper (1965) DVD 8541
Spartacus (1960) DVD 2088; DVD 261
Exodus (1960) DVD X1091; Video/C 999:831
The Brothers Rico (uncredited) (1957) DVD X4142
Brave One, The (1956) (screenplay) (originally uncredited) (story) (originally as Robert Rich) Video/C 999:1752
Roman Holiday (1953) (story) (front Ian McLellan Hunter) DVD 7377; vhs Video/C 999:788
Gun Crazy (aka Deadly Is the Female) (screenplay) (front Millard Kaufman) (1950) DVD 2716; vhs 999:517
Kitty Foyle: The Natural History of a Woman (1940) (screenplay) DVD 9735; vhs Video/C 999:197
Alvah Bessie

http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAbessie.htm
Biographical and credit information from the Internet Movie Database
[edit] See alsoList of American films of 1950
[edit] References1.^ The Hollywood Ten at the Internet Movie Database.
2.^ The Hollywood Ten on the Ironweed web site.
[edit] External linksThe Hollywood Ten at the Internet Movie Database
The Hollywood Ten at Dalton Trumbo web site
The Hollywood Ten bios at University of California, Berkeley, Library
John Berry's obituary in The Philadelphia Inquirer
The Hollywood Ten trailer at YouTube
The Hollywood Ten film at Google Videos
[hide]v ·t ·eFilms directed by John Berry

1940s Miss Susie Slagle's (1946) ·From This Day Forward (1946) ·Cross My Heart (1946) ·Casbah (1948) ·Tension (1949)

1950s The Hollywood Ten (1950) ·Atoll K (1951) ·He Ran All the Way (1951) ·C'est arrivé à Paris (1952) ·Ça va barder (1955) ·Je suis un sentimental (1955) ·Don Juan (1956) ·Tamango (1958) ·Oh! Qué mambo (1959)

1960s-1970s Maya (1966) ·À tout casser (1968) ·Claudine (1974) ·Thieves (1977) ·The Bad News Bears Go to Japan (1978)

1980s-2000s Voyage to Paimpol (1985) ·Maldonne (1988) ·A Captive in the Land (1993) ·Boesman and Lena (2000)

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http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/MRC/blacklist.html

Herbert J. Biberman
The socially conscious films of American director, screenwriter and producer Herbert Biberman are perhaps best known in Europe as he was blacklisted as one of the Hollywood Ten in 1950. Biberman was educated at the University of Pennsylvania. He also attended Yale and went to Europe. He then worked for a number of years in his family's textile business until 1928 when he joined the Theater Guild as an assistant stage manager, and quickly became one of the company's best directors. He entered films as a director and screenwriter of "B" movies in 1935. He was first accused of communist activities by the House Un-American Activities Committee in 1947. Biberman refused to confirm or deny the allegations and in 1950 was sentenced to 6 months in prison and banished from Hollywood. His primary accusers were Budd Schulberg and Edward Dmytryk. Biberman's wife Gale Sondergaard was similarly accused and she too refused to testify. In 1954, Biberman independently made Salt of the Earth a provocative, moving chronicle of the terrible working conditions faced by miners in New Mexico. Though the film was backed by the miner's union and employed real workers and their families, other unions refused to show the film because Biberman was still blacklisted. The film was shown once in a New York theater were it received terrific reviews. Biberman then released the film in Europe where it won awards in France and Czechoslovakia. In 1965, the film was finally released in the U.S. Four years later, Biberman made his last film, Slaves (1969), an adaptation of Uncle Tom's Cabin. Though it was not critically well-received in the U.S., it was highly regarded in France. -- Sandra Brennan [from the All-Media Guide]
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The Hollywood Ten













Bibliography of books and articles on Hollywood and the movies in the 1950's

Documentaries about the 1950's



Web resources on the Hollywood blacklist (via Yahoo)
The Literature & Culture of the American 1950s (Professor Al Filreis, University of Pennsylvania)
The Red Scare: A Filmography(All Powers Project, University of Washington)
Screen Actors' Guild: 50 Years: SAG Remembers The Blacklist
Blacklist: A Different Look at the 1947 HUAC Hearings (via Modern Times)
Hollywood Blacklist (from: Buhle, Buhle, and Georgakas, ed., Encyclopedia of the American Left, [Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1992])

Alvah Bessie

American novelist and journalist Alvah Bessie wrote screenplays for Warner Brothers and other studios during the mid and late '40s. As a screenwriter, he was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Story for the patriotic Warner's film Objective Burma(1945). No stranger to soldiering, Bessie had been a member of the International Brigades, and fought in the Spanish Civil War in 1938. Upon his return, he wrote a book about his experiences, Men in Battle. His career came to a halt in 1947, when he was summoned before the House Un-American Activities Committee. He refused to deny or confirm involvement in the Communist Party, and in 1950 he became one of the Hollywood Ten when he was imprisoned and blacklisted. In 1965, Bessie wrote a book about his experience with the HUAC, Inquisition in Eden. He wrote another book in 1975, Spain Again, which chronicled his experiences as a co-writer and actor in a Spanish movie of the same name. His Spanish Civil War Notebooks, a diary of his activities while in Spain in 1938, have been recently published (2001). Unfortunately, his screenwriting career was ruined by the blacklisting, and he never returned to Hollywood. [Information provided courtesy of Dan Bessie]
Alvah Bessie Films in MRC
Ruthless (1948) (screenplay) (originally uncredited) vhs 999:3567
Objective, Burma! (1945) (story) (uncredited) DVD X2865; vhs 999:1363
Northern Pursuit (1943) (screenplay) DVD X4605