The Way to the Stars

The Way to the Stars is a 1945 British war drama film made by Two Cities Films. In the United States it was known as Johnny in the Clouds and distributed by United Artists.^[2] It was produced by Anatole de Grunwald and directed by Anthony Asquith. The screenplay was co-written by noted dramatist, Terence Rattigan, as a significant reworking of his 1942 play Flare Path, which incorporated his Royal Air Force (RAF) experiences as a Flight Lieutenant. The film stars Michael Redgrave, John Mills, Rosamund John andStanley Holloway.

The title, The Way to the Stars, is often assumed to have been taken from theLatin motto of the RAF, Per ardua ad astra. However, the literal translation of the RAF motto is "Through adversity to the stars". The alternative title, Johnny in the Clouds, is derived from the poem recited in the film as tribute to a dead aviator.

Pilot Officer Peter Penrose (John Mills) is posted in the summer of 1940 as a pilot to (the fictional) No. 720 Squadron,^{[N 1]} at a new airfield, RAF Station Halfpenny Field. He is a very green "15-hour sprog" Bristol Blenheim pilot and is assigned to B Flight, under Flight Lieutenant David Archdale (Michael Redgrave).

When No. 720 Squadron's commanding officer, Squadron Leader Carter (Trevor Howard, in his second but first credited film role), is shot down, Archdale takes over. While Penrose develops into a first-class pilot, he meets Iris Winterton (Renee Asherson), a young woman staying with her domineering aunt at the Golden Lion pub in the nearby village. Archdale marries Miss Todd (Rosamund John), the popular manageress of the hotel, who is known to everyone as Toddy. The Archdales later have a son, Peter.

The action flashes forward to May 1942. The squadron is now flying Douglas Boston bombers. When Penrose shows signs of strain from extensive combat, Archdale has him posted to controller school, but is himself shot down and killed over France on Penrose's last mission. Penrose had been courting Iris, despite her aunt's disapproval, but Archdale's fate weighs heavily on his mind. Not wanting Iris to suffer if the same happened to him, he stops seeing her.

No. 720 Squadron is sent to the Middle East, but Penrose remains behind as a ground controller for a United States Army Air Forces B-17 Flying Fortress bombardment group, which takes over the airfield. He befriends USAAF Captain Johnny Hollis (Douglass Montgomery) and Lieutenant Joe Friselli (Bonar Colleano). On 17 August 1942, the American airmen participate in the first attack by the USAAF on Occupied France, later ruefully acknowledging that they underestimated the difficulties involved. Afterwards, Penrose is posted to flying duties with an RAF Avro Lancaster bomber unit.

In 1944, Penrose, now a squadron leader and pathfinder pilot, makes an emergency landing at Halfpenny Field, where he meets Iris again. Iris had decided to leave her aunt for good and join up. Toddy persuades a still-reluctant Penrose to propose to Iris, saying that she did not regret her own marriage in spite of her husband's death. Hollis, who has formed a platonic relationship with Toddy, is killed while crash-landing a damaged returning bomber rather than bail out and risk it crashing into the village.

Cast[edit]

• Michael Redgrave as David Archdale
• John Mills as Peter Penrose
• Rosamund John as Miss Todd
• Douglass Montgomery as Johnny Hollis
• Stanley Holloway as Mr Palmer
• Renée Asherson as Iris Winterton
• Felix Aylmer as Reverend Charles Moss
• Basil Radford as "Tiny" Williams
• Bonar Colleano as Joe Friselli
• Joyce Carey as Miss Winterton
• Trevor Howard as Squadron Leader Carter
• David Tomlinson as "Prune" Parsons
• Nicholas Stuart as Colonel Rogers (credited as Tryon Nichol)
• Bill Owen as "Nobby" Clarke (credited as Bill Rowbotham)
• Grant Miller as Lieutenant Wally Becker
• Jean Simmons as a singer

• Poem[edit]

  The following poetry, supposedly written by Archdale, was penned by John Pudney, as one of two poems written specifically for the film.^[4] It is found on a piece of paper and given by Penrose to Toddy after her husband's death. Later, she gives it to Hollis's friend to read after he is killed.
  For Johnny
  Do not despair ... for Johnny-head-in-air;
  He sleeps as sound. ... as Johnny underground.
  Fetch out no shroud ... for Johnny-in-the-cloud;
  And keep your tears ... for him in after years.
  Better by far ... for Johnny-the-bright-star,
  To keep your head ... and see his children fed.

Production[edit]

The Way to the Stars was one of Terence Rattigan's early works. During the war, Rattigan had served in the Royal Air Force as a tail gunner, and used his wartime experiences to help inspire his earlier stage play, Flare Path. In 1945, he was released from the service to help rewrite it with Anatole De Grunwald as a film screenplay of The Way to the Stars. Although Michael Redgrave and John Mills were the leads, the film offers very early performances from two actors who would themselves become international film stars in later years: Jean Simmons and Trevor Howard.^[3]

Reception[edit]

On initial release, the film was popular in Britain, but performed poorly in the U.S. where it was released postwar as Johnny in the Clouds with a prologue added.^[1] [5]

According to Kinematograph Weekly the film performed well at the British box office in 1945.^[6]

Later reviews considered the film "... one of the more thoughtful of British war movies ..."^[7] and an "excellent drama about a British airfield and the men stationed there, focusing mainly on personal relationships in wartime."^[8]

EONARD MALTIN MOVIE REVIEW:

D: Anthony Asquith. John Mills, Michael Redgrave, Douglass Montgomery, Rosamund John, Stanley Holloway, Trevor Howard, Felix Aylmer, Bonar Colleano. Excellent drama about a British airfield and the men stationed there, focusing mainly on personal relationships in wartime. Jean Simmons appears briefly as a singer. Script by Terence Rattigan and Anatole de Grunwald. Originally released in U.S. as JOHNNY IN THE CLOUDS, with a prologue set after the end of WW2.

British DVD cover
Directed by	Anthony AsquithVIEW THE FULL BIOGRAPHY Filmography DIRECTOR: 1.   The Yellow Rolls-Royce (1965) Director 2.   An Evening With The Royal Ballet (1965) Dir of "Les Sylphides" and "Aurora's Wedding" 3.   Two Living, One Dead (1964) Director 4.   The V.I.P.s (1963) Director 5.   Guns of Darkness (1962) Director 6.   The Millionairess (1961) Director 7.   Libel (1959) Director 8.   The Doctor's Dilemma (1959) Director 9.   Orders to Kill (1958) Director 10.   On Such a Night (1955) Direct
Produced by	Anatole de Grunwald
Written by	Terence Rattigan Anatole de Grunwald Richard Sherman John Pudney (poems)
Starring	Michael Redgrave John Mills Rosamund John Stanley Holloway
Music by	Nicholas Brodszky Charles Williams
Cinematography	Derrick Williams
Edited by	Fergus McDonell
Production company	Two Cities Films
Distributed by	Rank Organisation (UK) United Artists (U.S.)
Release dates	16 June 1945 (UK) 15 November 1945(U.S.)
Running time	109 minutes (UK) 87 minutes (U.S.)
Country	United Kingdom
Language	English
Box office	$63,434 (U.S. rentals)[1] BiographyCLOSE THE FULL BIOGRAPHY With H.G. Wells, George Bernard Shaw and others, Asquith founded London's Film Society in 1925, and after a filmmaking apprenticeship in Hollywood, returned to England as a director in 1928. Along with Alfred Hitchcock, he was considered a major force in the British cinema during the 1930s and 40s. Beginning with his directing debut, "Shooting Stars" (co-directed with A.V. Bramble; 1928) which utilized experimental visual effects and "A Cottage on Dartmoor" (1929), a portrait of British life notable for its use of sound, Asquith became recognized for his tasteful, restrained and civilized quasi-documentary portraits of British life and manners. With his superb film version of Shaw's "Pygmalion" (1938; co-directed with Leslie Howard), Asquith also began turning out expertly crafted theatrical adaptations, one of the finest of which is the delicious "The Importance of Being Earnest" (1952). From 1938 he began a profitable collaboration with playwright-screenwriter Terrence Rattigan, creating emotional studies of people under stress including, perhaps their finest joint work, "The Way to the Stars" (1945) as well as "The Winslow Boy" (1948), and "The Browning Version" (1950), and continuing through Asquith's last film, "The Yellow Rolls Royce" (1964). Son of liberal prime minister Lord Herbert Asquith.